I encountered the same problem, characterised by:
Warning about fonts in the log.
Session resumes briefly but then automatically suspends after about 1 second.
Log messages in ~/x2go/*/session.log as follows:
The cause of the problem was indeed that some fonts were missing on the client (a gentoo system). I simply installed all the font packages I could find one at a time until the problem went away.
In my opinion, the x2go client is not capable of running with missing fonts, despite the message indicating that missing fonts will be replaced. I think this may be a bug.
Tested with x2goserver version 4.0.1.15 and x2goclient version 4.0.2.0.